Biodegradable and Compostable Plastic Bags Manufacturing from Corn & Cassava Starch

Suchandra Mukherjee

28 Jun, 2023

“Compostable plastic”, as defined in Rule 3(e) of PWM Rules, means “plastic that undergoes degradation by biological processes to yield CO2, water, inorganic compounds and biomass in a similar rate with which other known compostable materials decompose, and does not leave distinguishable or visible toxic residue^[1].”  Lab tests show that bioplastics made from corn and cassava starch particles have similar characteristics to the existing commercial packaging materials minus in addition to their biodegradable nature. Additionally, tests showed that these bioplastics are water-soluble and can degrade in soil, making them environmentally friendly. Conventional Plastic manufacturers are shifting to Biodegradable Plastic Bag manufacturing business, recognizing its growing opportunity in today’s and the coming time’s economy. This article will give an overview of the Biodegradable and Compostable Carry Bags Manufacturing from Corn & Cassava Starch

Environmental and Economic Benefits of Using Compostable Plastic Bags

The benefits of Eco-Friendly Bag Production from Corn & Cassava Starch are as follows:

• Bags crafted from bioplastics comprise granules derived from renewable resources such as corn starch, cassava starch, potato starch, and biodegradable polymers (bio-polymers).
• Bioplastics find applications in various industries, including packaging, food services, medicine,  agriculture and horticulture, consumer electronics, and automotive.
• Biodegradable plastic refers to plastic that naturally decomposes in the environment.
• This decomposition occurs when microorganisms in the environment break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. • As a result, biodegradable plastics are less environmentally harmful than conventional plastics.

Application of Compostable Plastic Bags

The application of Compostable Plastic Bags is as follows:

• Biodegradable plastics are primarily used in food packaging, food service ware, shopping bags, garbage bags, fibres/nonwovens, and agricultural applications.

• These materials were specifically designed to minimize plastic waste and can biodegrade or compost.
• They were primarily targeted for use in products with a short lifespan, such as packaging and disposable items, as well as applications where biodegradability is advantageous, such as agriculture.
• The growing awareness of the environmental impact of packaging products, along with a willingness to replace them with alternatives that have a lower carbon footprint or are made from renewable resources, serves as the primary driving force behind developing and adopting these materials.
• Starch granules are utilized in packaging various items, including food waste bags, translucent grocery bags, garbage bags, shopping bags, and bags for vegetables and fruits.

Features of Biodegradable Compostable Carry Bags

The features of Biodegradable Compostable Carry Bag are as follows:

• Biodegradable Compostable Carry Bag can undergo melting and reshaping processes without significantly degrading their mechanical properties, making them mechanically recyclable.
• Biodegradable Compostable Carry Bag is derived from renewable resources, unlike petroleum-based plastics with limited availability.
• Biodegradable Compostable Carry Bag is carbon neutral since its renewable sources actively absorb carbon.
• When oxygenated, Biodegradable Compostable Carry Bag does not release toxic fumes.
• Bio-plastics, including Biodegradable Compostable Carry Bag, offer economic potential by creating a growing market, generating job opportunities, and fostering development in rural areas. Estimates suggest that by 2030, the bio-market could create up to 300,000 highly skilled jobs, more than ten times the current number.

Advantages of using Eco-Friendly Bag Production from Corn & Cassava Starch

The advantages of Eco-Friendly Bag Production from Corn & Cassava Starch are as follows:

• Biodegradable plastics have a shorter degradation time.
• Biodegradable plastics are derived from renewable sources.
• Biodegradable plastics have positive environmental implications.
• The production of biodegradable plastics requires less energy.
• Biodegradable plastics are more easily recyclable.
• Biodegradable plastics are non-toxic.
• The use of biodegradable plastics reduces dependence on fossil oil.
• Biodegradable plastics contribute to a reduction in CO2 emissions.
• They serve as a cost-effective alternative.
• Biodegradable plastics address waste management concerns.
• They provide benefits to the rural economy.
• The use of biodegradable plastics leads to a reduced carbon footprint.
• Biodegradable plastics offer multiple end-of-life options.
• Composability is a characteristic of biodegradable plastics.
• Biodegradable plastics help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Market Outlook of Compostable Plastic Bags

Disposing of traditional plastics worldwide has led to a significant environmental issue due to their non-recyclable nature. This has resulted in a growing demand for Compostable Plastic Bags and sacks, which offer a potential solution. Biodegradable plastics can break down naturally through processes like microbial action and composting, a key factor driving the market growth. Packaging, both rigid and flexible, is a significant application segment for biodegradable plastics, with a shift towards replacing conventional plastics in food packaging, such as boxes, wraps, cups, and plates. The global market of biodegradable plastic packaging was valued at  4.65 billion USD in 2019 and is projected to reach USD 12.06 billion by 2025, with a CAGR of 17.04% during the forecast period. Environmental concerns and the harmful impact of traditional plastics on ecosystems are critical drivers for adopting biodegradable plastics. However, the higher cost of biodegradable plastics and their limitations may hinder market growth. Nonetheless, the increasing use of biodegradable plastics in the food and beverages industry and the rapid growth of the packaging sector present new market opportunities. The United States holds a significant market share in the biodegradable bags segment, driven by rising environmental concerns among the population, which is expected to fuel the global market in the future further.

Scope in Compostable Plastic Bag Manufacturing Business

Starting a business manufacturing Compostable Plastic Bags using corn and cassava granules can be a lucrative opportunity for entrepreneurs to fill the huge demand-supply gap in the market. The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastic bags continues to rise, and due to the reasonable pricing of the final product, the acceptance of compostable Plastic Bagsin the market has gained significant popularity.

To embark on this venture, developing a comprehensive business plan is crucial. This plan should encompass a thorough market analysis, a well-defined budget, and an effective marketing strategy. Conducting thorough research on the competition and identifying potential opportunities will be essential. A deep understanding of the industry’s competitive landscape and pricing structures is also vital. Furthermore, entrepreneurs should acquire knowledge of the production process of Compostable Plastic Bags and establish a strategic business plan that outlines their objectives and goals.

Regulations and Compliances associated with  compostable plastic product manufacturing

The regulations and certifications associated with establishing a manufacturing business for Compostable Plastic Bags using corn and cassava granules may vary depending on the jurisdiction and location. In many countries, environmental regulations aim to reduce plastic waste and encourage sustainable practices related explicitly to Compostable Plastic Bags.

Standard certifications relevant to this industry include ISO 14001, which focuses on environmental management systems, BPI (Biodegradable Products Institute) certification for biodegradable products, and ASTM D6400 certification for biodegradable plastics.

Moreover, businesses must adhere to various regulations concerning food safety, product labelling requirements, and waste management. It is crucial to thoroughly research and understand the regulations and certifications applicable to the business’s location. Obtaining the necessary licenses and permits is essential before commencing operations. Professional guidance and support are advisable to ensure compliance with all relevant regulations.

Licenses required for Compostable Plastic Bags

Licenses necessary to initiate a biodegradable plastic manufacturing business:

• Goods and Services Tax (GST) registration
• Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) registration
• UDYOG Aadhar registrationRegistration with the State Pollution Control BoardManufacturing Certificate issued by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
• Acquiring a Pollution, No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the relevant State Pollution Control Board Please note that manufacturers of compostable plastic bags must register with the State Pollution Control Boards/Pollution Control Committees (SPCBs/PCCs). However, they are not required to submit an action plan to collect plastic waste as it will naturally disintegrate.

Documents Required for CPCB Certificate for Compostable Plastic Manufacturer

• Complete and duly filled Form A, submitted by the manufacturer, to obtain a certificate from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for biodegradable/compostable materials.
• Production details, including compostable plastics manufacturing capacity, end products, and by-products.
• Registration certificate issued by the relevant State Pollution Control Board or Pollution Control Committee for the production of compostable plastic.
• Consent is obtained under the Air and Water Acts from the respective Board or committee.
• Flow diagram and manufacturing process documentation.
• Test reports conducted according to Indian Standards IS/ISO: 17088, covering aspects such as aerobic biodegradation, heavy metal analysis, disintegration, and compost testing. The sample should be tested at an authorized laboratory, and the resulting report should encompass all the required aspects.
• Evidence of pollution control devices or measures in place.
• Memorandum of Association.
• Undertaking in accordance with Annexure V of the Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016.

Documents required for acquiring EPR Authorisation

The documents required are:

• Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) plan, including EPR targets and financial status.
• Self-declaration in accordance with the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) guidelines.
• Allocation of funds for EPR purposes.
• Details of future awareness programs and associated initiatives.
• Copy of the authorization issued by the Pollution Control Committee/State Pollution Control Board, if applicable, for entities operating in the country before October 1, 2016.
• Copy of the agreement with stakeholders such as dealers, collection centres, dismantlers, treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs), among others.
• Approval document from the relevant state authority permits marketing various products or conducting specific business activities.
• Tax Identification Number (TIN) details.
• Permanent Account Number (PAN) details.
• Certificate of incorporation.
• Copy of Importer-Exporter Code (IEC) certificate.

Conclusion

Establishing a profitable venture in manufacturing Compostable Plastic Bags using corn and cassava granules necessitates specific equipment, raw materials, and expertise. Conducting thorough research on relevant regulations and certifications, creating a comprehensive business plan, and securing appropriate financing options are crucial steps. With adequate knowledge and resources, manufacturing Compostable Plastic Bags from corn and cassava granules holds the potential for a successful business endeavour. For setting up a business of Compostable Plastic Bags, it is recommended to take expert consultation to obtain a license and other compliances hassle-free.

FAQ

Read our Article: How To Start A Biodegradable Plate Manufacturing Business?